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Supernovae in compact star clusters as sources of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos

机译:紧凑星团中的超新星作为高能宇宙的来源   射线和中微子

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摘要

We discuss a specific population of galactic PeVatrons which may be the mainsource of the galactic cosmic-ray (CR) component well above PeV energies.Supernovae in compact clusters of massive stars are proposed as powerfulsources of CRs, neutrinos, and gamma-ray emission. Numerical simulations ofnon-linear Fermi acceleration at converging shock flows have revealed thatthese accelerators can provide very hard spectra of protons up to$10^{16}-10^{17}$ eV which is well above the "knee" in the all-particle CRspectrum at about $3\times10^{15}$ eV. We suggest that known supernova remnantsinteracting with stellar winds in the compact clusters of young massive starsWesterlund I and Cl*1806-20 can be associated with the sources of the TeVgamma-ray emission detected by H.E.S.S. and may be responsible for a fractionof the high-energy neutrinos detected with the IceCube observatory. A recent CRcomposition measurement with the LOFAR array has revealed a light-masscomponent possibly dominating the all-particle spectrum at energies around$10^{17}$ eV. Such a strong light component (mainly protons and helium) mayrequire specific galactic CR sources such as supernovae interacting withcompact clusters of massive stars in addition to isolated supernova remnants.
机译:我们讨论了银河系PeVatron的特定种群,这可能是远高于PeV能量的银河系宇宙射线(CR)分量的主要来源。提出了大质量恒星紧凑簇中的超新星作为CRs,中微子和伽马射线发射的有力来源。会聚冲击流时非线性费米加速度的数值模拟显示,这些加速器可以提供非常硬的质子光谱,质子高达$ 10 ^ {16} -10 ^ {17} $ eV,远高于全粒子中的“膝盖” CRspectrum约为$ 3 \ times10 ^ {15} $ eV。我们建议,已知的超新星残余物与年轻的大质量恒星的紧密星团中的恒星风相互作用,Westerlund I和Cl * 1806-20可能与H.E.S.S.探测到的TeVγ射线源有关。可能是IceCube天文台探测到的高能中微子的一部分。最近使用LOFAR阵列进行的CR合成测量显示,在质量为10 ^ {17} $ eV左右的能量中,光质量分量可能占主导地位。如此强的光分量(主要是质子和氦气)可能需要特定的银河CR来源,例如超新星与孤立的超新星残留物以及与大质量恒星的紧凑星团相互作用。

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